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Explanatory Notes
House of Commons
Session 2009-10
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Other Bills before Parliament
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Index to Equality Bill
INTRODUCTION
Background and summary
Summary
Overview of the structure of the Bill
Summary of the Impact Assessments
Public sector costs and manpower effects
Other costs and benefits
Summary of the (Equality) Impact Assessment
Carbon impact
Territorial extent and application
General
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
Compatibility with the European Convention on Human Rights
Transposition of EU Directives
Commencement
COMMENTARY ON CLAUSES
PART 1 : SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES
Clause 2: Power to amend section 1
Clause 3: Enforcement
PART 2: KEY CONCEPTS
Clause 5: Age
Clause 6: Disability
Clause 7: Gender reassignment
Clause 8: Marriage and civil partnership
Clause 9: Race
Clause 10: Religion or belief
Clause 11: Sex
Clause 12: Sexual orientation
Chapter 2: Prohibited conduct
Clause 14: Combined discrimination: dual characteristics
Clause 15: Discrimination arising from disability
Clause 16: Gender reassignment discrimination: cases of absence from work
Clause 17: Pregnancy and maternity discrimination: non-work cases
Clause 18: Pregnancy and maternity discrimination: work cases
Clause 19: Indirect discrimination
Clause 20: Duty to make adjustments
Clause 21: Failure to comply with duty
Clause 22: Regulations
Clause 23: Comparison by reference to circumstances
Clause 24: References to particular strands of discrimination
Clause 25: Harassment
Clause 26: Victimisation
PART 3: SERVICES AND PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
Clause 28: Provision of services, etc.
Clause 29: Ships and hovercraft
Clause 30: Interpretation and exceptions
PART 4: PREMISES
Clause 32: Disposals, etc.
Clause 33: Permission for disposal
Clause 34: Management
Clause 35: Leasehold and commonhold premises and common parts
Clause 36: Interpretation and exceptions
PART 5: WORK
Chapter 1: Employment, etc.
Clause 38: Employees and applicants: harassment
Clause 39: Contract workers
Clause 40: Identity of employer
Clause 41: Interpretation
Clause 42: Partnerships
Clause 43: Limited liability partnerships
Clause 44: Interpretation
Clause 45: Barristers
Clause 46: Advocates
Clause 47: Personal offices: appointments, etc.
Clause 48: Public offices: appointments, etc.
Clause 49: Public offices: recommendations for appointments etc.
Clause 50: Interpretation and exceptions
Clause 51: Qualifications bodies
Clause 52: Interpretation
Clause 53: Employment service-providers
Clause 54: Interpretation
Clause 55: Trade organisations
Clause 56: Official business of members
Clause 57: Interpretation
Chapter 2: Occupational pension schemes
Clause 59: Non-discrimination alterations
Clause 60: Communications
Chapter 3: Equality of terms
Clause 62: Equal work
Clause 63: Sex equality clause
Clause 64: Sex equality rule
Clause 65: Sex equality rule: consequential alteration of schemes
Clause 66: Defence of material factor
Clause 67: Exclusion of sex discrimination provisions
Clause 68: Sex discrimination in relation to contractual pay
Clause 69: Relevant types of work
Clause 70: Maternity equality clause
Clause 71: Maternity equality clause: pay
Clause 72: Maternity equality rule
Clause 73: Exclusion of pregnancy and maternity discrimination provisions
Clause 74: Discussions with colleagues
Clause 75: Gender pay gap information
Clause 76: Colleagues
Clause 77: Interpretation and exceptions
Chapter 4: Supplementary
Clause 79: Offshore work
Clause 80: Interpretation and exceptions
PART 6: EDUCATION
Chapter 1: Schools
Clause 82: Pupils: admission and treatment, etc.
Clause 83: Victimisation of pupils, etc. for the conduct of parents, etc.
Clause 84: Application of certain powers under Education Act 1996
Clause 85: Disabled pupils: accessibility
Clause 86: Interpretation and exceptions
Chapter 2: Further and higher education
Clause 88: Students: admission and treatment, etc.
Clause 89: Further and higher education courses
Clause 90: Recreational or training facilities
Clause 91: Interpretation and exceptions
Chapter 3: General qualifications bodies
Clause 93: Qualifications bodies
Clause 94: Interpretation
Chapter 4: Miscellaneous
Clause 96: Educational charities and endowments
PART 7: ASSOCIATIONS
Clause 98: Members and associates
Clause 99: Guests
Clause 100: Sections 98 and 99: further provision
Clause 101: Selection of candidates
Clause 102: Time-limited provision
Clause 103: Interpretation and exceptions
PART 8: PROHIBITED CONDUCT: ANCILLARY
Clause 105: Liability of employers and principals
Clause 106: Liability of employees and agents
Clause 107: Instructing, causing or inducing discrimination
Clause 108: Aiding contraventions
PART 9: ENFORCEMENT
Chapter 1: Introductory
Chapter 2: Civil courts
Clause 111: Immigration cases
Clause 112: Education cases
Clause 113: National security
Clause 114: Time limits
Clause 115: Remedies
Chapter 3: Employment tribunals
Clause 117: Jurisdiction in armed forces cases
Clause 118: References by court to tribunal, etc.
Clause 119: Time limits
Clause 120: Remedies: general
Clause 121: Remedies: national security
Clause 122: Remedies: occupational pension schemes
Chapter 4: Equality of terms
Clause 124: References by court to tribunal, etc.
Clause 125: Time limits
Clause 126: Section 125: supplementary
Clause 127: Assessment of whether work is of equal value
Clause 128: Remedies in non-pensions cases
Clause 129: Remedies in pensions cases
Clause 130: Remedies in claims for arrears brought by pensioner members
Clause 131: Supplementary
Chapter 5: Miscellaneous
Clause 133: Previous findings
Clause 134: Obtaining information etc.
Clause 135: Interest
Clause 136: Conduct giving rise to separate proceedings
Clause 137: Interpretation, etc.
PART 10: CONTRACTS, ETC.
Clause 138: Unenforceable terms
Clause 139: Removal or modification of unenforceable terms
Clause 140: Contracting out
Clause 141: Void and unenforceable terms
Clause 142: Declaration in respect of void term, etc.
Clause 143: Meaning of qualifying compromise contract
Clause 144: Interpretation
PART 11: ADVANCEMENT OF EQUALITY
Clause 146: Public authorities and public functions
Clause 147: Power to specify public authorities
Clause 148: Power to specify public authorities: consultation and consent
Clause 149: Power to impose specific duties
Clause 150: Power to impose specific duties: cross-border authorities
Clause 151: Power to impose specific duties: supplementary
Clause 152: Enforcement
Clause 153: Interpretation
Chapter 2: Positive action
Clause 155: Positive action: recruitment and promotion
PART 12: DISABLED PERSONS: TRANSPORT
Clause 157: Designated transport facilities
Clause 158: Taxi licence conditional on compliance with taxi accessibility regulations
Clause 159: Exemption from taxi accessibility regulations
Clause 160: Passengers in wheelchairs
Clause 161: Passengers in wheelchairs: exemption certificates
Clause 162: Lists of wheelchair-accessible vehicles
Clause 163: Assistance dogs in taxis
Clause 164: Assistance dogs in taxis: exemption certificates
Clause 165: Assistance dogs in private hire vehicles
Clause 166: Assistance dogs in private hire vehicles: exemption certificates
Clause 167: Appeals
Clause 168: Interpretation
Chapter 2: Public service vehicles
Clause 170: Offence of contravening PSV accessibility regulations
Clause 171: Accessibility certificates
Clause 172: Approval certificates
Clause 173: Special authorisations
Clause 174: Reviews and appeals
Clause 175: Fees
Clause 176: Interpretation
Chapter 3: Rail vehicles
Clause 177: Rail vehicle accessibility regulations
Clause 178: Exemptions from rail vehicle accessibility regulations
Clause 179: Procedure for making exemption orders
Clause 180: Annual report on exemption orders
Clause 181: Rail vehicle accessibility: compliance
Clause 182: Interpretation
Chapter 4: Supplementary
PART 13: DISABILITY: MISCELLANEOUS
Clause 185: Improvements to let dwelling houses
PART 14: GENERAL EXCEPTIONS
Clause 187: National security
Clause 188: Charities
Clause 189: Charities: supplementary
Clause 190: Sport
Clause 191: General
Clause 192: Age
PART 15: GENERAL
Clause 194: Crown application
Clause 195: Information society services
Clause 196: Exercise of power
Clause 197: Ministers of the Crown
Clause 198: The Welsh Ministers
Clause 199: The Scottish Ministers
Clause 200: Amendments, repeals and revocations
Clause 201: General interpretation
Clause 202: References to maternity leave, etc.
Clause 203: Index of defined expressions
Clause 204: Money
Clause 205: Commencement
Clause 206: Extent
Clause 207: Short title
Schedule 1: Disability: supplementary provision
Schedule 2: Services and public functions: reasonable adjustments
Schedule 3: Services and public functions: exceptions
Schedule 4: Premises: reasonable adjustments
Schedule 5: Premises: exceptions
Schedule 6: Office-holders: excluded offices
Schedule 7: Equality of terms: exceptions
Schedule 8: Work: reasonable adjustments
Schedule 9: Work: exceptions
Schedule 10: Accessibility for disabled pupils
Schedule 11: Schools: exceptions
Schedule 12: Further and higher education exceptions
Schedule 13: Education: reasonable adjustments
Schedule 14: Educational charities and endowments
Schedule 15: Associations: reasonable adjustments
Schedule 16: Associations: exceptions
Schedule 17: Disabled pupils: enforcement
Schedule 18: Public sector equality duty: exceptions
Schedule 19: Public authorities
Schedule 20: rail vehicle accessibility: compliance
Schedule 22: Statutory provisions
Schedule 23: General exceptions
Schedule 24: Harmonisation: exceptions
Schedule 25: Information society services
Schedule 26: Amendments
Schedule 27: Repeals and revocations
Schedule 28: Index of defined expressions
© Parliamentary copyright 2009
Prepared: 19 November 2009